What are the different basic types of LCD technology for displaying letters, numbers, and graphics?

Segment LCD: In the most common format, the display segments are arranged to form a figure 8 to display numbers and letters. The same technology can be implemented to construct custom icons of any shape or pattern in an LCD display, as well.

Character Display: The individual pixel units are arranged in 5×7 or 5×8 clusters to form characters. These displays are then characterized by how many rows and columns of pixel clusters, or characters, they can support. For example a 2×16 character display would refer to 2 rows of pixel clusters, or characters, by 16 characters across.

Graphic Display: The LCD display pixels are arranged in rows and columns, which enables the display to depict any text or graphics within the finite number of rows and columns of pixels.